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Line 1: − + − === Maintainer ===+ − + − === Description ===+ + + + + − === Requirements ===+ − + − − === Installation === − Configure Firewall-Services's repository: − − db yum_repositories set fws repository \ − BaseURL http://repo.firewall-services.com/centos/\$releasever \ − EnableGroups no GPGCheck yes \ − Name "Firewall Services" \ − GPGKey http://repo.firewall-services.com/RPM-GPG-KEY \ − Visible yes status disabled − Configure EPEL's repository:+ − For SME 8.x, − /sbin/e-smith/db yum_repositories set epel repository \+ − Name 'Epel - EL5' \ − BaseUrl 'http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/$basearch' \ − MirrorList 'http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-5&arch=$basearch' \ − EnableGroups no \ − GPGCheck yes \ − GPGKey http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL \ − Visible no \ − status disabled − signal-event yum-modify+ − *install the rpms+ + + + − yum --enablerepo=fws --enablerepo=epel install smeserver-fail2ban+ − {{note box| you have to install the fail2ban version of fws repository and not the epel version}}+ − + + + − + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − ===DB command===+ − + Line 70:
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Line 86: − ===Services===+ − + + + + + + + + Line 88:
Line 100: − * noscripts: check client which ask for scripts which are not available on your server. It's usually script-kiddies trying to exploit security vulerabilities+ − * scan: another set of filter for popular scans (phpMyAdmin, wp-login, admin area etc...)+ − * auth: will check for standard authentication failure+ − + − + Line 102:
Line 114: − ===Selective bans===+ Line 109:
Line 121: − ===Use Fail2ban===+ − ====List all jails====+ Line 116:
Line 128: − ====List IP banned from a specific jail====+ − + − − + + Line 137:
Line 149: − ==== Unban an IP ====+ Line 166:
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→Installation Koozali SME
{{Languages|Smeserver-fail2ban}}
{{Languages|Fail2ban}}
== Fail2ban for SME Server ==
== Fail2ban for SME Server ==
{{Level|Easy|The instructions on this page can be followed by a beginner.}}
{{Level|Easy|The instructions on this page can be followed by a beginner.}}
== Maintainer ==
[[User:VIP-ire|Daniel B.]]<br/>
[[User:VIP-ire|Daniel B.]]<br />
[http://www.firewall-services.com Firewall Services]<br>
[http://www.firewall-services.com Firewall Services]<br>
mailto:daniel@firewall-services.com
mailto:daniel@firewall-services.com
Please discuss, provide feedback and share experiences on the forums [http://forums.contribs.org/index.php/topic,51127.0.html '''here''']
== Description ==
Fail2ban operates by monitoring log files (e.g. /var/log/pwdfail, /var/log/auth.log, etc.) for selected entries and running scripts based on them. Most commonly this is used to block selected IP addresses that may belong to hosts that are trying to breach the system's security. It can ban any host IP that makes too many login attempts or performs any other unwanted action within a time frame defined by the administrator.
Fail2ban operates by monitoring log files (e.g. /var/log/pwdfail, /var/log/auth.log, etc.) for selected entries and running scripts based on them. Most commonly this is used to block selected IP addresses that may belong to hosts that are trying to breach the system's security. It can ban any host IP that makes too many login attempts or performs any other unwanted action within a time frame defined by the administrator.
Fail2ban is typically set up to unban a blocked host within a certain period, so as to not "lock out" any genuine connections that may have been temporarily misconfigured. However, an unban time of several minutes is usually enough to stop a network connection being flooded by malicious connections, as well as reducing the likelihood of a successful dictionary attack.
Fail2ban is typically set up to unban a blocked host within a certain period, so as to not "lock out" any genuine connections that may have been temporarily misconfigured. However, an unban time of several minutes is usually enough to stop a network connection being flooded by malicious connections, as well as reducing the likelihood of a successful dictionary attack.
After installation the most important core services (and some additional ones) are monitored by default without the need for manual configuration (see: [[#Services|Services]]).
{{Tip box|fail2ban is not only a tool against brute force attack on ssh but it can be a tool useful against http protocol attacks or [http://forums.contribs.org/index.php/topic,50162.msg252195.html#msg252195 spam attacks] on your server. See the [[Fail2ban#Jail.conf |jail section]]}}
{{Tip box|fail2ban is not only a tool against brute force attack on ssh but it can be a tool useful against http protocol attacks or [http://forums.contribs.org/index.php/topic,50162.msg252195.html#msg252195 spam attacks] on your server. See the [[Fail2ban#Jail.conf |jail section]]}}
== Requirements ==
This contrib has been developped and tested on SME Server 8 and later. It probably won't work on SME 7.
This contrib has been developed and tested on SME Server 8 and later.
{{Note box|The SME feature [http://wiki.contribs.org/AutoBlock AutoBlock SSH] should be disabled to ensure that fail2ban controls SSH traffic and not the SME build-in firewall.}}
==Koozali SME v9/v10==
{{#smeversion: smeserver-fail2ban}}
== Installation Koozali SME==
<tabs container><tab name="For SME 10">
yum --enablerepo=smecontribs install smeserver-fail2ban
</tab><tab name="For SME 9">
* install the rpms
yum --enablerepo=smecontribs install smeserver-fail2ban
* Appply the needed configuration:
* Apply the needed configuration:
Use care to execute these three commands precisely. Failure to do so may prevent remote login via ssh.
db configuration setprop masq status enabled
expand-template /etc/rc.d/init.d/masq
expand-template /etc/rc.d/init.d/masq
/etc/init.d/masq restart
/etc/init.d/masq restart
signal-event fail2ban-conf
signal-event fail2ban-conf
or
or, as an alternative, use the following commands. They will have the same effect after rebooting.
db configuration setprop masq status enabled
signal-event post-upgrade; signal-event reboot
signal-event post-upgrade; signal-event reboot
{{warning box| Failing to run either of these command will completly lock network access next time iptables rules are reloaded}}
{{warning box| Failing to run either of these command will completely lock network access next time iptables rules are reloaded}}
{{warning box| The masq service must be enabled for fail2Ban to work correctly. If you disable it, Fail2ban won't ban anything}}
</tab>
</tabs>
{{warning box| Starting SME10 and smeserver-fail2ban 0.1.18-29, manual change of configuration is included in core backup, if you use .local files in the folders action.d/ fail2ban.d/ filter.d/ jail.d/. Any change to rpm owned .conf file is not added in core backup. Use the .local files to override the conf file instead and it will be in the backup. See http://www.fail2ban.org/wiki/index.php/MANUAL_0_8#Configuration.}}
== Disable SME Feature AutoBlock SME 9 or greater ==
It's been noted that one of the features of fail2ban overlaps the built-in ssh AutoBlock feature of SME (https://wiki.contribs.org/AutoBlock).
It is possible to disable the AutoBlock feature using the following optional steps.
1. View what your current settings are for the built in SME AutoBlock feature by entering the following at the cli.
# config show sshd
2. If AutoBlock is disabled no action is required. If AutoBlock is enabled, set it to disabled with the following commands:
# config setprop sshd AutoBlock disabled
# signal-event remoteaccess-update
==DB command==
there is no panel yet you can manage the contrib by the db configuration, it is quite simple
While there is a panel in the server-manager, you can also manage the contrib by the db configuration, it is quite simple
# config show fail2ban
# config show fail2ban
Available options are below:
Available options are below:
* '''IgnoreIP''': a comma separated list of IP or CIDR networks which will never be blocked by fail2ban. Exemple: 12.15.22.4,17.20.0.0/16. All your local networks and networks allowed to access the server-manager are already automatically whitelisted
* '''IgnoreIP''': a comma separated list of IP or CIDR networks which will never be blocked by fail2ban. Example: 12.15.22.4,17.20.0.0/16. All your local networks and networks allowed to access the server-manager are already automatically whitelisted
* '''FilterLocalNetworks''' can be enabled or disabled (default is disabled). If set to enabled, local networks won't be whitelisted, and fail2ban can also ban hosts from the internal networks. Note that networks allowed to access the server-manager are not affected (they will never be blocked)
* '''FilterLocalNetworks''' can be enabled or disabled (default is disabled). If set to enabled, local networks won't be whitelisted, and fail2ban can also ban hosts from the internal networks. Note that networks allowed to access the server-manager are not affected (they will never be blocked)
* '''BanTime''': Duration (in seconds) of a ban. Default to 1800
* '''BanTime''': Duration (in seconds) of a ban. Default to 1800 (about 30 minutes)
* '''FindTime''': The window fail2ban will check, in seconds. Default is 900. So, this mean fail2ban will only check for the number of failed login attempts in the last 15 minuts
* '''FindTime''': The time window fail2ban will check, in seconds. Default is 900. So, this means fail2ban will only check for the number of failed login attempts in the last 15 minutes
* '''MaxRetry''': Number of failed attempts in the last '''FindTime''' seconds to trigger a ban. Default is 3
* '''MaxRetry''': Number of failed attempts in the last '''FindTime''' seconds to trigger a ban. Default is 3
* '''Mail''': can be enabled or disabled (default is enabled). If enabled, each ban will be notified by mail
* '''Mail''': can be enabled or disabled (default is enabled). If enabled, each ban will notify the admin by email
* '''MailRecipient''': if '''Mail''' is enabled, the email address which should receive ban notifications. Default is root (the admin account will receive)
* '''MailRecipient''': if '''Mail''' is enabled, the email address which should receive ban notifications. Default is root (the admin account will receive)
signal-event fail2ban-conf
signal-event fail2ban-conf
for example :
The following services are monitored, and fail2ban will ban client IP for '''BanTime''' if more than '''MaxRetry''' authentication failure occure in less than '''FindTime'''
config setprop fail2ban IgnoreIP 12.15.22.4,17.20.0.0/16
signal-event fail2ban-conf
{{Note box|<code>signal-event fail2ban-conf</code> effectively restarts the service and clears existing bans, but a suitable 'findtime' results in a reban. Be aware that the restart delay can be unexpectedly lengthy due to the resource intensive process of scanning the logs to reban offending addresses.}}
== Services ==
The following services are monitored out of the box, and fail2ban will ban client IP for '''BanTime''' if more than '''MaxRetry''' authentication failure occure in less than '''FindTime'''
*ssh
*ssh
*qpsmtpd. If a remote server send you too many mails which qpsmtpd rejects, it's probably spammer, so Fail2ban will blacklist it. MaxRetry is x3 for this service, so with the default config, a remote server will be blacklisted if 9 mails are rejected in less than 15 minutes
*qpsmtpd. If a remote server send you too many mails which qpsmtpd rejects, it's probably spammer, so Fail2ban will blacklist it. MaxRetry is x3 for this service, so with the default config, a remote server will be blacklisted if 9 mails are rejected in less than 15 minutes
*httpd-e-smith. The standard http server. 3 different filters check apache logs:
*httpd-e-smith. The standard http server. 3 different filters check apache logs:
** noscripts: check client which ask for scripts which are not available on your server. It's usually script-kiddies trying to exploit security vulerabilities
** scan: another set of filter for popular scans (phpMyAdmin, wp-login, admin area etc...)
** auth: will check for standard authentication failure
*pam. This will check a generic authentication failure. Everything which uses pam should work
*pam. This will check a generic authentication failure. Everything which uses pam should work
*[[SOGo]]. Check SOGo logs for failed authentications
*[[Sogo|SOGo]]. Check SOGo logs for failed authentications
*[[LemonLDAP::NG|LemonLDAP-NG]]. Check system logs for auth failure on LemonLDAP::NG portal
*[[LemonLDAP-NG]]. Check system logs for auth failure on LemonLDAP::NG portal
*ftp. Check auth failure on your FTP daemon
*ftp. Check auth failure on your FTP daemon
*[[Ejabberd]]. Check auth failure against EJabberd
*[[Ejabberd]]. Check auth failure against EJabberd
signal-event fail2ban-conf
signal-event fail2ban-conf
== Selective bans ==
Fail2Ban will do its best to do a selective ban. For example, if 3 auth failure against ssh are detected, only tcp port 22 (or any other port you choosed for SSH) will be blocked. Same for httpd-e-smith, SOGO, LemonLDAP::NG which will only blacklist tcp ports 80 and 443, qpsmtpd will block tcp ports 25 and 465, dovecot will block 143 and 993 etc...
Fail2Ban will do its best to do a selective ban. For example, if 3 auth failure against ssh are detected, only tcp port 22 (or any other port you choosed for SSH) will be blocked. Same for httpd-e-smith, SOGO, LemonLDAP::NG which will only blacklist tcp ports 80 and 443, qpsmtpd will block tcp ports 25 and 465, dovecot will block 143 and 993 etc...
* recidive. This is a special filter. It monitors fail2Ban logs, and blacklist client IP which gets locked several time. If a client is locked out 5 times in 24 hours, it'll be completly blacklisted for one full week
* recidive. This is a special filter. It monitors fail2Ban logs, and blacklist client IP which gets locked several time. If a client is locked out 5 times in 24 hours, it'll be completly blacklisted for one full week
== Use Fail2ban ==
=== List all jails ===
[root@sme8 ~]# fail2ban-client status
[root@sme8 ~]# fail2ban-client status
Status
Status
`- Jail list: http-overflows, http-noscript, http-auth, sogo, pam-generic, ssh-ddos, http-scan, ssh, qpsmtpd, recidive
`- Jail list: http-overflows, http-noscript, http-auth, sogo, pam-generic, ssh-ddos, http-scan, ssh, qpsmtpd, recidive
=== List IP banned from a specific jail ===
[root@sme8 ~]# fail2ban-client status ssh
[root@sme8 ~]# fail2ban-client status ssh
choose the specific jail with the command above which lists the Jail-list.
choose the specific jail with the command above which lists the Jail-list.
====Play with a script which list How many ip are banned from all jails====
=== Example script which list How many ip are banned from all jails ===
nano /root/checklist_ban
nano /root/checklist_ban
#!/bin/bash
#!/bin/bash
#lancer le script en sudo
#lancer le script en sudo
JAILS=$(fail2ban-client status | grep " Jail list:" | sed 's/`- Jail list:\t\t//g' | sed 's/,//g')
JAILS=$(fail2ban-client status | grep " Jail list:" | sed 's/`- Jail list://g' | sed 's/,//g')
for j in $JAILS
for j in $JAILS
do
do
echo "$j $(fail2ban-client status $j | grep " Currently banned:" | sed 's/ |- Currently banned:\t//g')"
echo "$j $(fail2ban-client status $j | grep " Currently banned:" | sed 's/ |- Currently banned:\t//g')"
done
done
chmod 700 /root/checklist_ban
chmod 700 /root/checklist_ban
/root/checklist_ban
/root/checklist_ban
=== Unban an IP ===
In certain case you would to unban an IP immediately because you don't want waste time to wait the automatic IP unban process of fail2ban.
In certain case you would to unban an IP immediately because you don't want waste time to wait the automatic IP unban process of fail2ban.
In first you you have to find the specific jail which has blocked you IP, you can refer to the mail that the admin user has received or you can list a specific jail.
In first you you have to find the specific jail which has blocked you IP, you can refer to the mail that the admin user has received or you can list a specific jail.
===Jail.conf===
===Jail.conf===
The jail.conf is templated and the default file contains the configuration as below. You can add your own template of jail.conf at
The jail.conf is templated (/etc/e-smith/templates/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf) and the default file contains the configuration as below. You can add your own template of jail.conf at
/etc/e-smith/templates/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf
/etc/e-smith/templates-custom/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf
if first time you need to create the folder for your custom template
mkdir -p /etc/e-smith/templates-custom/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf
and do this to expland templates
and do this to expland templates
/etc/init.d/masq restart
/etc/init.d/masq restart
signal-event fail2ban-conf
signal-event fail2ban-conf
====default jail.conf====
====default jail.conf====
[DEFAULT]
[DEFAULT]
smeserver-sendmail[name="Recidive",dest=root]
smeserver-sendmail[name="Recidive",dest=root]
=== Uninstall ===
====Custom local filters====
yum remove smeserver-fail2ban
You can add your custom rules by adding a filtername.local file in /etc/fail2ban/filters.d/
wget https://bugs.koozali.org/attachment.cgi?id=6229 -O /etc/fail2ban/filters.d/apache-badbots.local
would be an example of local bad bots rules, be careful to test for your personal case. Some advanced rules could create a lot of false positive and lock out your users.
== Uninstall ==
yum remove smeserver-fail2ban fail2ban
==User contributions==
=== Testing new regex ===
You can test new regex - notes from here http://bugs.contribs.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8955
fail2ban-regex [LOG] [REGEX]
You can also test the actual conf files as follows
fail2ban-regex /var/log/qpsmtpd/current /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/qpsmtpd.conf
=== Bugs ===
Note that some characters such as ` may need escaping on the command line like this \` but do not need escaping in the conf files
e.g From qpsmptd.conf file this works in the conf file
^\s*\d+\s*logging::logterse plugin \(deny\): ` <HOST>\s*.*90\d.*msg denied before queued$
However, on the command line it needs writing like this
^\s*\d+\s*logging::logterse plugin \(deny\): \` <HOST>\s*.*90\d.*msg denied before queued$
===Show IPs banned by service===
====Check the fail2ban log====
Here is another quick script that shows you the most recent IPs banned in the logs. Note that they may have been unbanned but there is no check for this.
mkdir /root/bin
nano -w /root/bin/IP_list.sh
and copy and paste the below code into the file:
#!/bin/sh
# Set CLI vars to something we can read
TYPE=$1
LOG=$2
# Set main grep string
SEARCH="Ban ((1?[0-9][0-9]?|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}(1?[0-9][0-9]?|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])"
# Add the search term
SEARCH="\[$TYPE]\ $SEARCH"
# Now search the log
grep -oE "\[$TYPE\] Ban ((1?[0-9][0-9]?|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}(1?[0-9][0-9]?|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])" $LOG
Save the file and make it executable:
chmod 755 /root/bin/IP_list.sh
Usage :
IP_list.sh [service] [log]
e.g.
IP_list.sh qpsmtpd /var/log/fail2ban/daemon.log
====Check the fail2ban banned IP for all active jails ====
by [[User:Unnilennium|Unnilennium]] ([[User talk:Unnilennium|talk]])
mkdir /root/bin
vim /root/bin/sfail2ban
paste this in it:
#!/bin/bash
for SERVI in $(fail2ban-client status|grep 'Jail list'|cut -d':' -f2|sed 's/, / /g'| sed -e 's/^[ \t]*//')
do
fail2ban-client status $SERVI |grep -E 'IP list|Status for the jail'|sed 'N;s/\n/:/'|cut -d: -f2,4
done
then do
chmod 755 /root/bin/sfail2ban
Usage :
sfail2ban
output:
# sfail2ban
ftp:
imap:
pam-generic:
qpsmtpd:
recidive: 141.98.80.15
ssh:
ssh-ddos:
wordpress:
====Print a summary of the fail2ban db====
mkdir -p /root/bin
vi /root/bin/bansummary.sh
Paste this
<nowiki>#!/bin/bash
echo -e \
"IP \t"\
"BanTime \t"\
"UnbanTime \t"\
"Jail"
for ban in $(db fail2ban show |awk -F\= ' $2=="ban" {print $1}');
do
IP=$(db fail2ban getprop $ban Host)
Bantime=$(date +"%F %T" -d @$(db fail2ban getprop $ban BanTimestamp))
UnBanTime=$(date +"%F %T" -d @$(db fail2ban getprop $ban UnbanTimestamp))
LastJail=$(zgrep -H "Ban $IP" $(find /var/log/fail2ban -type f -ctime -7) |tail -1 |awk '{print $6}')
printf "%-15s" "$IP"
echo -e "\t$Bantime\t$UnBanTime\t$LastJail"
done
</nowiki>
save, then make executable
chmod 755 /root/bin/bansummary.sh
Usage:
bansummary.sh
Output:
<nowiki>IP BanTime UnbanTime Jail
46.246.39.228 2017-09-09 18:45:00 2017-09-10 18:45:00 [http-scan]
124.239.180.102 2017-09-09 12:07:32 2017-09-10 12:07:32 [http-scan]
212.237.54.93 2017-09-09 19:27:32 2017-09-10 19:27:32 [http-scan]
</nowiki>
===WordPress===
Fail2Ban works with WordPress but needs some extra configuration. Please review the WordPress page, https://wiki.contribs.org/Wordpress#Fail2Ban
== Bugs ==
Please raise bugs under the SME-Contribs section in [http://bugs.contribs.org/enter_bug.cgi bugzilla]
Please raise bugs under the SME-Contribs section in [http://bugs.contribs.org/enter_bug.cgi bugzilla]
and select the smeserver-fail2ban component or use {{BugzillaFileBug|product=SME%20Contribs|component=smeserver-fail2ban|title=this link}}.
and select the smeserver-fail2ban component or use {{BugzillaFileBug|product=SME%20Contribs|component=smeserver-fail2ban|title=this link}}.
Below is an overview of the current issues for this contrib:{{#bugzilla:columns=id,product,version,status,summary|sort=id|order=desc|component=smeserver-fail2ban|noresultsmessage=No open bugs found.}}
==Changelog==
Only released version in smecontrib are listed here.
{{#smechangelog: smeserver-fail2ban}}
----
[[Category: Contrib]]
[[Category: Contrib]]
[[Category: Security]]
