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| | {{tip box|msg=It is possible to use putty if you are afraid about some commands in a terminal, you can find a lot of examples by typing this in google [https://www.google.com/search?q=tunneling+by+putty tunneling by putty]}} | | {{tip box|msg=It is possible to use putty if you are afraid about some commands in a terminal, you can find a lot of examples by typing this in google [https://www.google.com/search?q=tunneling+by+putty tunneling by putty]}} |
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| − | ==Command-Line Quick Reference Guide==
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| − | Below is a list of commands that I use all the time & tend to forget.
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| − | ===Generic Linux===
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| − |
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| − | {| class="wikitable"
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| − | |-
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| − | ! COMMAND NAME !! DESCRIPTION
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| − | |-
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| − | | df -h || shows disk usage in human readable form
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| − | |-
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| − | | man <commandname> || shows more info about a command
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| − | |-
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| − | | uname -a || kernel release version
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| − | |-
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| − | | /usr/sbin/smbd -V || samba version
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| − | |-
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| − | | /usr/sbin/httpd -v || apache version
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| − | |-
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| − | | mysql -v || mysql version
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| − | |-
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| − | | php -v || php version
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| − | |-
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| − | | mv || moves or renames a file
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| − | |-
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| − | | cp || copies or backup a file
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| − | |-
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| − | | rm || removes or deletes a file
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| − | |-
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| − | | ps -aux|grep <process> || outputs processes running <process>
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| − | |-
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| − | | ps -AH || report process status
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| − | |-
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| − | | top || shows processes
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| − | |-
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| − | | top -i || shows only active processes
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| − | |-
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| − | | htop || shows processes (more versatile than top)
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| − | |-
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| − | | iptraf || shows network info
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| − | |-
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| − | | mc -d || show midnight commander (cli file browser) to navigate through system easily
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| − | |-
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| − | | cat /proc/mdstat || shows software raid
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| − | |-
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| − | | host -t mx aol.com || shows the mx records for aol.com
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| − | |-
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| − | | net groupmap list || shows samba mappings to nt groups
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| − | |-
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| − | | telinit 1 || changes to single user mode
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| − | |-
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| − | | ifconfig || shows detailed info on ethernet ports
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| − | |-
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| − | | grep -r "casesensitivesearch" * || finds all documents containing the criteria in a dir
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| − | |-
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| − | | tail -f /var/log/<LOGFILE> || realtime viewing of your log file
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| − | |-
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| − | | hdparm -Tt /dev/mdx (where x is 0,1,2,etc) || shows software raid performance
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| − | |-
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| − | | mdadm --detail /dev/mdx (where x is 0,1,2,etc) || gives raid info
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| − | |-
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| − | | tar -czvf foo.tar.gz foo || creates a tar/zip file of a directory
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| − | |-
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| − | | tar -xvzf foo.tar.gz || untar/unzip a tar/zip file
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| − | |-
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| − | | scp -P <ssh_portnumber> foo.tar.gz <user>@<other_server_ipaddress>:/opt || transfers file to another server in /opt directory
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| − | |-
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| − | | rsync --progress -te "ssh -p <ssh_portnumber>" foo <other_server_ipaddress>:/opt || transfers file to another server
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| − | |-
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| − | | sed -i s/foo/fee/g <FILENAMEORPATHTODIR> || replaces foo with fee
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| − | |}
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | Estimate file space usage - drill down into directories
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| − | cd /
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| − | du --si --max-depth 1
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| − | cd /home
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| − | du --si --max-depth 1
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| − | cd /home/e-smith
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| − | du --si --max-depth 1
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| − |
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| − | ===RPM's===
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| − |
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| − | {| class="wikitable"
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| − | |-
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| − | ! Command !! Explanation
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| − | |-
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| − | | rpm -qa || shows all rpms installed
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| − | |-
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| − | | rpm -qa --last || shows all rpms installed & installation date
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| − | |-
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| − | | rpm -q || asks for rpm info
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| − | |-
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| − | | rpm -qi || asks for detailed rpm info
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| − | |-
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| − | | rpm -ql <packagename> || lists all files in a package
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| − | |-
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| − | | rpm -qf <filename> || reports what package a file belongs to
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| − | |}
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| − |
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| − | ===YUM'ing and repositories===
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| − | {| class="wikitable"
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| − | |-
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| − | ! Command !! Explanation
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| − | |-
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| − | | yum install <packagename> || installs packagename & any package it may need
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| − | |-
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| − | | yum remove <packagename> || removes packagename
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| − | |-
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| − | | yum list updates || list updates to any installed package
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| − | |-
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| − | | yum list available || list available packages in all repos not already installed
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| − | |-
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| − | | yum list available |grep <reponame> || list available packages -shows only from repo name
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| − | |-
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| − | | yum search <packagename> || lists all packages in all repos matching packagename
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| − | |-
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| − | | yum clean all || Is used to clean up various things which accumulate in the yum cache
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| − | |-
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| − | | yum --enablerepo=<reponame> <command> || enables a repo not normally enabled
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| − | |-
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| − | | /sbin/e-smith/audittools/newrpms || shows all extra packages installed
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| − | |-
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| − | | /sbin/e-smith/audittools/repositories || show all repositories and if they are activated or not
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| − | |-
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| − | | db yum_repositories show <reponame> || show properties of the repository <reponame> '''(you may use TAB to auto-complete your command line)'''
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| − | |}
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| − |
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| − | ====Restoring Default Yum Repositories====
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| − |
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| − | {{note box|If you have problems with your yum setup you may have entered incorrect repository values. Remove the current values and restore the original setting with these commands}}
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| − |
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| − | cd /home/e-smith/db/
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| − | mv yum_repositories yum_repositories.po
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| − | /etc/e-smith/events/actions/initialize-default-databases
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| − |
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| − | Now you have a clean install, you can re-add 3rd party repos as described above
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| − |
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| − | signal-event yum-modify
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| − |
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| − | and check if you can update your server
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| − |
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| − | yum update
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| | ==SME Server specific== | | ==SME Server specific== |
