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SME Server:Documentation:Administration Manual:Chapter5 (view source)
Revision as of 06:19, 18 February 2007
, 06:19, 18 February 2007no edit summary
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====5.1. Licensing Terms and Conditions====
====Licensing Terms and Conditions====
In installing the SME Server software, you are agreeing to the open source licensing terms and conditions associated with it. You can read these terms and conditions in|Chapter 1.2. of this guide under the title Software Licensing Terms and Conditions .
In installing the SME Server software, you are agreeing to the open source licensing terms and conditions associated with it. You can read these terms and conditions in|Chapter 1.2. of this guide under the title Software Licensing Terms and Conditions .
====5.2. RAID1 Support (Disk Mirroring)====
====RAID1 Support (Disk Mirroring)====
With SME Server, you have the ability to set up disk mirroring, also called RAID Level 1. In disk mirroring, you basically write all of your data to two separate hard disks installed in your server. One is the mirror of the other. Should the primary disk experience a hardware failure, the mirror disk will continue operations as if nothing had happened. All of your data will be protected.
With SME Server, you have the ability to set up disk mirroring, also called RAID Level 1. In disk mirroring, you basically write all of your data to two separate hard disks installed in your server. One is the mirror of the other. Should the primary disk experience a hardware failure, the mirror disk will continue operations as if nothing had happened. All of your data will be protected.
Disk mirroring can be accomplished through either software or hardware .
Disk mirroring can be accomplished through either software or hardware .
=====5.2.1. Software Mirroring=====
=====Software Mirroring=====
The SME Server comes by default with RAID1 disk mirroring if you install one or two drives. The server is configured to accept one drive and will function properly. You can verify the RAID1 status from the console. --server manager.-- If you later wish to add a second drive, just add it and instruct the server via the console. --server manager.-- to create the mirror. It will take some time to build so do it during scheduled maintenance. They can be either SCSI or IDE drives.
The SME Server comes by default with RAID1 disk mirroring if you install one or two drives. The server is configured to accept one drive and will function properly. You can verify the RAID1 status from the console. --server manager.-- If you later wish to add a second drive, just add it and instruct the server via the console. --server manager.-- to create the mirror. It will take some time to build so do it during scheduled maintenance. They can be either SCSI or IDE drives.
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=====5.2.2. Hardware Mirroring=====
=====Hardware Mirroring=====
With hardware mirroring, you use a special RAID disk controller to perform the actual mirroring across multiple disks. As mirroring is performed in hardware, the performance can be significantly faster than software mirroring. Additionally it can simplify configuration because to the operating system the entire RAID disk system looks like one single disk. You should be able to use any supported SCSI hardware RAID controller.
With hardware mirroring, you use a special RAID disk controller to perform the actual mirroring across multiple disks. As mirroring is performed in hardware, the performance can be significantly faster than software mirroring. Additionally it can simplify configuration because to the operating system the entire RAID disk system looks like one single disk. You should be able to use any supported SCSI hardware RAID controller.
{{DrawBoxNote|content=Using one of the supported hardware RAID controllers, you will be able to upgrade from an earlier version of the SME Server to version 6.x using the standard upgrade process detailed in section 5.3. Upgrading From A Previous Version. You should back up all your data and test carefully after installation.}}
{{DrawBoxNote|content=Using one of the supported hardware RAID controllers, you will be able to upgrade from an earlier version of the SME Server to version 6.x using the standard upgrade process detailed in section 5.3. Upgrading From A Previous Version. You should back up all your data and test carefully after installation.}}
====5.3. Upgrading From A Previous Version====
====Upgrading From A Previous Version====
If you have previously installed a server and now wish to upgrade to version 7, you can do so while preserving your configuration data. To do so, select Upgrade from the appropriate screen in the installation process as described in section 5.4. Installing the Software.
If you have previously installed a server and now wish to upgrade to version 7, you can do so while preserving your configuration data. To do so, select Upgrade from the appropriate screen in the installation process as described in section 5.4. Installing the Software.
}}
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====5.4. Installing the Software====
====Installing the Software====
{{DrawBoxNote|content=If you are configuring your system with RAID1 support, notice that your step 4 below will be slightly different. If you skipped section 5.2 RAID1 Support (Disk Mirroring), it would be advisable to read it before proceeding.||
{{DrawBoxNote|content=If you are configuring your system with RAID1 support, notice that your step 4 below will be slightly different. If you skipped section 5.2 RAID1 Support (Disk Mirroring), it would be advisable to read it before proceeding.||
}}
}}
{{DrawBoxWarning|content=The installation (or upgrade) process rewrites the boot sector on your hard drive. This may cause machines with BIOS boot sector virus detection to not boot unattended. This detection should be disabled in your system's BIOS.}}
{{DrawBoxWarning|content=The installation (or upgrade) process rewrites the boot sector on your hard drive. This may cause machines with BIOS boot sector virus detection to not boot unattended. This detection should be disabled in your system's BIOS.}}
====5.5. Configuring your SME Server====
====Configuring your SME Server====
Once your system has restarted (so that it is no longer booting from the installation CD), you are ready to configure your system.
Once your system has restarted (so that it is no longer booting from the installation CD), you are ready to configure your system.
{{DrawBoxNote|content=As you move through the configuration screens, you will notice that there is a "Keep" option which will allow you to keep the choices you may have made previously. Obviously, when you are configuring your system for the first time, many of these choices will not have been made, but if you later go back to re-configure the system, this option can save time.}}
{{DrawBoxNote|content=As you move through the configuration screens, you will notice that there is a "Keep" option which will allow you to keep the choices you may have made previously. Obviously, when you are configuring your system for the first time, many of these choices will not have been made, but if you later go back to re-configure the system, this option can save time.}}
====5.6. Setting Your Administrator Password====
====Setting Your Administrator Password====
As shown in the image below, the first thing you will be asked to do is to set the system password. This is the password you will enter to access the web-based server manager. Depending on how you configure the system, you may also need to enter this password to access the server console. It is extremely important that you choose a good password and keep that password secret.
As shown in the image below, the first thing you will be asked to do is to set the system password. This is the password you will enter to access the web-based server manager. Depending on how you configure the system, you may also need to enter this password to access the server console. It is extremely important that you choose a good password and keep that password secret.
{{DrawBoxWarning|content=You can use any ASCII printable characters in the administrator password. As this password gives someone total control over your server, you should choose a password that cannot be guessed easily. A good password should contain mixed upper- and lower-case letters, numbers and punctuation, yet also be easy to remember. An example might be "IwmSMES!" as in "I want my SME Server!" (Please don't use this example as your password!)}}
{{DrawBoxWarning|content=You can use any ASCII printable characters in the administrator password. As this password gives someone total control over your server, you should choose a password that cannot be guessed easily. A good password should contain mixed upper- and lower-case letters, numbers and punctuation, yet also be easy to remember. An example might be "IwmSMES!" as in "I want my SME Server!" (Please don't use this example as your password!)}}
====5.7. Configuring Your System Name and Domain Name====
====Configuring Your System Name and Domain Name====
As shown below, your next step is to enter the primary domain name that will be associated with your SME Server. (You can later configure other virtual domains that work with the server.)
As shown below, your next step is to enter the primary domain name that will be associated with your SME Server. (You can later configure other virtual domains that work with the server.)
[[Image:Select_system_name.png]]
[[Image:Select_system_name.png]]
====5.8. Configuring Your Local Network====
====Configuring Your Local Network====
=====5.8.1. Selecting Your Local Ethernet Adapter=====
=====Selecting Your Local Ethernet Adapter=====
An ethernet adapter - also called an ethernet card or network interface card (NIC) - is a special piece of hardware that serves as the interface between a computer and the ethernet network. It connects your computer and the ethernet, allowing the computer to communicate with other computers and devices on the network.
An ethernet adapter - also called an ethernet card or network interface card (NIC) - is a special piece of hardware that serves as the interface between a computer and the ethernet network. It connects your computer and the ethernet, allowing the computer to communicate with other computers and devices on the network.
If you are using a PCI ethernet adapter that appears on our supported list, it is likely that your server will be able to detect your hardware automatically and you will simply be able to choose option 1, "Use xxxx (for chipset yyyy)", where 'xxxx' and 'yyyy' are specific to your hardware. If the software fails to detect it correctly, you can manually select the appropriate driver for your ethernet adapter from a list of drivers or from a list of ethernet adapter models. After the appropriate driver is selected, select "OK" and proceed to the next screen.
If you are using a PCI ethernet adapter that appears on our supported list, it is likely that your server will be able to detect your hardware automatically and you will simply be able to choose option 1, "Use xxxx (for chipset yyyy)", where 'xxxx' and 'yyyy' are specific to your hardware. If the software fails to detect it correctly, you can manually select the appropriate driver for your ethernet adapter from a list of drivers or from a list of ethernet adapter models. After the appropriate driver is selected, select "OK" and proceed to the next screen.
=====5.8.2. Configuring Local Network Parameters=====
=====Configuring Local Network Parameters=====
Your SME Server needs information about your local network in order to communicate with the other computers on your network. This includes the IP address and the subnet mask on your server's internal interface. Because your server acts as a gateway and firewall, these will differ from the IP address and subnet mask on the external interface.
Your SME Server needs information about your local network in order to communicate with the other computers on your network. This includes the IP address and the subnet mask on your server's internal interface. Because your server acts as a gateway and firewall, these will differ from the IP address and subnet mask on the external interface.
Next, you will be prompted to enter the subnet mask for your local network. If you are adding your server to an existing network, you will need to use the subnet mask used by the local network. Otherwise, unless you have a specific need for some other setting, you can accept the default setting.
Next, you will be prompted to enter the subnet mask for your local network. If you are adding your server to an existing network, you will need to use the subnet mask used by the local network. Otherwise, unless you have a specific need for some other setting, you can accept the default setting.
====5.9. Operation Mode====
====Operation Mode====
After configuring your SME Server for your local network, you will see the following screen. This is where you select your server's operation mode.
After configuring your SME Server for your local network, you will see the following screen. This is where you select your server's operation mode.
[[Image:Select_operation_mode.png]]
[[Image:Select_operation_mode.png]]
=====5.9.1. Option 1: Server and gateway mode=====
=====Option 1: Server and gateway mode=====
In server and gateway mode, your server provides services (such as e-mail, web services, file and print sharing) to your network and also acts as a gateway between your internal network and the outside world. The fact that it serves as a "gateway" means it has separate interfaces with each network, and provides security and routing.
In server and gateway mode, your server provides services (such as e-mail, web services, file and print sharing) to your network and also acts as a gateway between your internal network and the outside world. The fact that it serves as a "gateway" means it has separate interfaces with each network, and provides security and routing.
With server and gateway mode, there are a number of extra parameters that will need to be configured. These will be discussed in the next section.
With server and gateway mode, there are a number of extra parameters that will need to be configured. These will be discussed in the next section.
=====5.9.2. Option 2: Private server and gateway=====
=====Option 2: Private server and gateway=====
This mode is a variation of option 1 and provides the same functionality with the following differences:
This mode is a variation of option 1 and provides the same functionality with the following differences:
* our web server is not visible to anyone outside of the local network.
* our web server is not visible to anyone outside of the local network.
You would select this mode only if you wish to use the server as a gateway, but do not wish to publish any services to the external Internet.
You would select this mode only if you wish to use the server as a gateway, but do not wish to publish any services to the external Internet.
=====5.9.3. Option 3: Server-only mode=====
=====Option 3: Server-only mode=====
Server-only mode is appropriate if you do not wish to use the gateway capabilities of your server. In this configuration, your server connects only to the local network and does not connect directly to the outside world (although it may connect indirectly through your firewall or another server).
Server-only mode is appropriate if you do not wish to use the gateway capabilities of your server. In this configuration, your server connects only to the local network and does not connect directly to the outside world (although it may connect indirectly through your firewall or another server).
On the next configuration screen, you should enter the IP address for the Internet gateway on your local network. If you do not have an Internet connection, simply leave this configuration screen blank.
On the next configuration screen, you should enter the IP address for the Internet gateway on your local network. If you do not have an Internet connection, simply leave this configuration screen blank.
====5.10. Configuring Server and Gateway Mode====
====Configuring Server and Gateway Mode====
If you are configuring your server to operate in server and gateway mode, you must select one of two Internet connection types - a dedicated connection (such as ADSL or cable modem) or a dialup connection (in which case you will be connecting to your ISP via a modem).
If you are configuring your server to operate in server and gateway mode, you must select one of two Internet connection types - a dedicated connection (such as ADSL or cable modem) or a dialup connection (in which case you will be connecting to your ISP via a modem).
The next step after selecting a connection type is to enter the specific parameters representing that connection.
The next step after selecting a connection type is to enter the specific parameters representing that connection.
====5.11. Server and Gateway Mode - Dedicated====
====Server and Gateway Mode - Dedicated====
How you configure your server's external interface depends on whether you are using a dedicated connection or a dialup connection. Therefore, if you configured your server for "server and gateway mode - dedicated connection" you will be presented with very different configuration screens than if you configured the server for "server and gateway - dialup connection" (as discussed in the next section).
How you configure your server's external interface depends on whether you are using a dedicated connection or a dialup connection. Therefore, if you configured your server for "server and gateway mode - dedicated connection" you will be presented with very different configuration screens than if you configured the server for "server and gateway - dialup connection" (as discussed in the next section).
=====5.11.1. Configuring Your External Ethernet Adapter=====
=====Configuring Your External Ethernet Adapter=====
As you did previously with your local ethernet adapter, you need to configure the driver for your external ethernet adapter. As before, the software will attempt to detect the card. If it correctly identifies the card, you can proceed using Option 1, "Keep current driver". If it does not, you will need to manually select the driver.
As you did previously with your local ethernet adapter, you need to configure the driver for your external ethernet adapter. As before, the software will attempt to detect the card. If it correctly identifies the card, you can proceed using Option 1, "Keep current driver". If it does not, you will need to manually select the driver.
[[Image:Select_ext_enet_driver.png]]
[[Image:Select_ext_enet_driver.png]]
=====5.11.2. Assigning Your Ethernet Adapters to Network Connection=====
=====Assigning Your Ethernet Adapters to Network Connection=====
To communicate successfully, your server needs to know which ethernet adapter connects it to the internal network and which adapter connects it to the external network/Internet. Your server will make this designation automatically - the first ethernet adapter (in position "eth0") will normally be assigned to the local, internal network and the second ethernet adapter (in position "eth1") will normally be assigned to the external network/Internet. In the event that this assumption is incorrect, this screen allows you to easily swap that designation.
To communicate successfully, your server needs to know which ethernet adapter connects it to the internal network and which adapter connects it to the external network/Internet. Your server will make this designation automatically - the first ethernet adapter (in position "eth0") will normally be assigned to the local, internal network and the second ethernet adapter (in position "eth1") will normally be assigned to the external network/Internet. In the event that this assumption is incorrect, this screen allows you to easily swap that designation.
{{DrawBoxTip|content=If you are using two different network interface cards, you will see which driver is associated with eth0 and which is associated with eth1. This information can help you determine which card is eth0 and which is eth1. If you have two cards that use the identical driver you will see a screen such as the one above where the actual driver is not listed.}}
{{DrawBoxTip|content=If you are using two different network interface cards, you will see which driver is associated with eth0 and which is associated with eth1. This information can help you determine which card is eth0 and which is eth1. If you have two cards that use the identical driver you will see a screen such as the one above where the actual driver is not listed.}}
=====5.11.3. Configuring Your External Interface=====
=====Configuring Your External Interface=====
With a dedicated connection in server and gateway mode, you will be presented with the following screen:
With a dedicated connection in server and gateway mode, you will be presented with the following screen:
PPPoE is the Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet . Essentially, it is an implementation of the popular PPP protocol used for dialup connections - only configured to run over an Ethernet connection. Many ISPs that provide ADSL connections use PPPoE as the method of connecting their customers to the Internet over ADSL.}}
PPPoE is the Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet . Essentially, it is an implementation of the popular PPP protocol used for dialup connections - only configured to run over an Ethernet connection. Many ISPs that provide ADSL connections use PPPoE as the method of connecting their customers to the Internet over ADSL.}}
=====5.11.4. Configuring Dynamic DNS=====
=====Configuring Dynamic DNS=====
If you choose either of the DHCP options or PPPoE, you will be presented with an additional screen where you can choose which dynamic DNS service you wish to use.
If you choose either of the DHCP options or PPPoE, you will be presented with an additional screen where you can choose which dynamic DNS service you wish to use.
The server is pre-configured to operate with four dynamic DNS organizations: yi.org, dyndns.com, dyndns.org, and tzo.com. (You can elect to use a different service, but doing so would require some customization of the server.) Once the service is selected, the subsequent two screens will prompt you to enter your account name and the password for your account. (These two parameters would be given to you by the service. Note that the dynamic DNS service may place restrictions on which domain name you can use for your company.) Please read Appendix B on dynamic DNS for more information about whether a dynamic DNS is right for you.
The server is pre-configured to operate with four dynamic DNS organizations: yi.org, dyndns.com, dyndns.org, and tzo.com. (You can elect to use a different service, but doing so would require some customization of the server.) Once the service is selected, the subsequent two screens will prompt you to enter your account name and the password for your account. (These two parameters would be given to you by the service. Note that the dynamic DNS service may place restrictions on which domain name you can use for your company.) Please read Appendix B on dynamic DNS for more information about whether a dynamic DNS is right for you.
====5.12. Configuring the Server for Server and Gateway Mode - Dialup Access====
====Configuring the Server for Server and Gateway Mode - Dialup Access====
If you select dialup access, successive screens will ask you for the following information:
If you select dialup access, successive screens will ask you for the following information:
* information regarding the modem or ISDN connection with your ISP, such as the serial port your modem is connected to [[*2]]
* information regarding the modem or ISDN connection with your ISP, such as the serial port your modem is connected to [[*2]]
[[#2]] Your modem documentation may indicate which serial port is used by the modem. You may also be able to visually identify which port your modem uses.
[[#2]] Your modem documentation may indicate which serial port is used by the modem. You may also be able to visually identify which port your modem uses.
====5.13. Configuring Your DHCP Server====
====Configuring Your DHCP Server====
You now will be prompted regarding DHCP service. Your SME Server can be configured to provide DHCP service to your internal network. The DHCP server can automatically configure the other computers on your internal network with such parameters as non-routable IP address, subnet mask and gateway IP address. This reduces the risk of error and simplifies the process of configuring your network.
You now will be prompted regarding DHCP service. Your SME Server can be configured to provide DHCP service to your internal network. The DHCP server can automatically configure the other computers on your internal network with such parameters as non-routable IP address, subnet mask and gateway IP address. This reduces the risk of error and simplifies the process of configuring your network.
[[Image:Select_dhcp_server_config.png]]
[[Image:Select_dhcp_server_config.png]]
=====5.13.1. Configuring the DHCP Address Range=====
=====Configuring the DHCP Address Range=====
Before the DHCP server is able to assign IP addresses to the computers on your network, you need to tell it what range of IP addresses it can safely distribute. As above, this section is pre-configured with defaults that are appropriate in most situations. If you have fewer than 180 machines on your local network and no reason to prefer one range of IP addresses over another, you can simply accept the defaults for these screens.
Before the DHCP server is able to assign IP addresses to the computers on your network, you need to tell it what range of IP addresses it can safely distribute. As above, this section is pre-configured with defaults that are appropriate in most situations. If you have fewer than 180 machines on your local network and no reason to prefer one range of IP addresses over another, you can simply accept the defaults for these screens.
If the defaults are not appropriate to your situation, you may need a bit o .... transmission lost ?
If the defaults are not appropriate to your situation, you may need a bit o .... transmission lost ?