5,576
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 1:
Line 1: − Sometime you can issue some problems with your grub often when your server doesn't want to start, there are no needs to reinstall it, just to fix your grub.+ + + − Normally if grub can not start and your system is nice, you have a minimum order prompt ... otherwise go to [[grub#fix_the_GRUB_with_the_systemrescuecd|Chapter 2]].+ + + − I suppose that your SME Server is on a RAID1 of two disks, otherwise you have to adapt this HOWTO.+ − + Line 24:
Line 28: − + + − We must install grub on all other drives to give the capacity to operate the system. to reach the boot menu of the bios, well it depends on your hardware ... F12 under dell, Acer Esc, F11 from msi .... my sme is with Raid1 so I have two drives, you will need to adapt my example to your the number of disks.+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + − + Line 63:
Line 95: − + − + Line 88:
Line 120: − + − + Line 105:
Line 137: − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Line 122:
Line 189: − + Line 128:
Line 195: − + − + − + − +
→Fix the GRUB with the systemrescuecd
==Grub==
==Grub==
There may be an occasion when an issue with grub will cause your server to not boot, there is no need to reinstall the system, you just need to repair the installation of grub.
==Fix the GRUB from the startup command line==
==Fix the GRUB from the startup command line==
Normally if grub can not start and your system is not damagaed, you will have a basic system prompt ... otherwise go to [[grub#fix_the_GRUB_with_the_systemrescuecd|Chapter 2]].
I presume that your SME Server is using a RAID1 of two disks, otherwise you have to adapt this HOWTO to your setup.
In a terminal at the command prompt issue the following commands
grub
root (hd0,0)
root (hd0,0)
Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd
Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd
setup (hd0)
setup (hd0)
reboot
reboot
to /dev/sdb you implement of one, similar to the following disks (sdc, sdd, sde ....)
to /dev/sdb you issue the following commands, using one of the following disk labels (sdc, sdd, sde ....)
grub
root (hd1,0)
root (hd1,0)
setup (hd1)
setup (hd1)
grub must be installed on all other drives to give the capacity to operate the system. To reach the boot menu of the bios, will depend on your hardware ... F12 under dell, Acer Esc, F11 from msi .... my sme is with Raid1 so I have two drives, you will need to adapt my example to your the number of disks.
==Fix the GRUB with the official SME Server CDROM ==
I presume that your SME Server is on a RAID1 of two disks (sda, sdb), otherwise you will have to adapt this HOWTO.
* start the system with your official SME Server CDROM
* give at prompt : '''linux rescue'''
* set your language and your keyboard
* set to '''no''' the start of network interfaces
* set to '''continue''' the question about how the system is mounted in /mnt/sysimage
* set to '''ok'''
* give at prompt :
chroot /mnt/sysimage
su -
* then you can perform
grub-install /dev/sda
grub-install /dev/sdb
do it for each disk you have on your server
* to exit
exit
exit
halt
then you can test if the grub is present on your drives.
==Fix the GRUB with the systemrescuecd ==
==Fix the GRUB with the systemrescuecd ==
{{note box| We go to work with [http://www.sysresccd.org/SystemRescueCd_Homepage SystemRescueCd] which is a Linux system rescue disk available as a bootable CD-ROM or USB stick for administrating or repairing your system and data after a crash.[http://www.sysresccd.org/Download Download]. The goal is to get mounted your logical volumes on /mnt where you can save them on a usb disk.}}
{{note box| We go to work with [http://www.sysresccd.org/SystemRescueCd_Homepage SystemRescueCd] which is a Linux system rescue disk available as a bootable CD-ROM or USB stick for administrating or repairing your system and data after a crash.[http://www.sysresccd.org/Download Download]. The goal is to mount your logical volumes on /mnt where you can save them on a usb disk.}}
I suppose that your SME Server is on a RAID1 of two disks, otherwise you have to adapt this HOWTO.
I presume that your SME Server is on a RAID1 of two disks, otherwise you will have to adapt this HOWTO.
*start the system with your system rescue cd or you usb stick, choose your keyboard settings
*start the system with your system rescue cd or you usb stick, choose your keyboard settings
*afterward if the LVM is launched without error messages, we can mount the LVM in /mnt
*afterward if the LVM is launched without error messages, we can mount the LVM in /mnt
{{tip box|if you have a name of logical volume who is not '''/dev/main/root''', you can type this command for knowing all your logical volume, and adapt this to your configuration.}}
{{tip box|if you have a logical volume that is not named '''/dev/main/root''', you can type the following command to list all your logical volumes, and then adapt this to your configuration.}}
lvdisplay
lvdisplay
*Now you have successfully mounted your LVM then do this
*Now you have successfully mounted your LVM do the following
mkdir /mnt/sysimage
mkdir /mnt/sysimage
you can restart and continue the tutorial
you can restart and continue the tutorial
===Installation of grub on the other disks===
===Installation of grub on other disks===
*once your Sme started, you need to login in Root
*once your Sme started, you need to login in as root
then type
then type
grub
grub
from there you can reboot your server and check that the grub is installed on each hd. it is simple, with the boot menu or bios, you say on what hd you want to boot .
from there you can reboot your server and check that the grub is installed on each hd. it is simple, with the boot menu or bios, you say on what hd you want to boot .
to reach the boot menu of the bios, well it depends on your hardware ... F12 under dell, Acer Esc, F11 from msi ....
to reach the boot menu of the bios, well it depends on your hardware ... F12 under dell, Acer Esc, F11 from msi ....
==Installation of grub on a new disk==
When your system is started you can install grub by the command Line on any other disk you want. You have to change by the name of your new disk.
[root@sme8dev64 ~]# grub
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.
GNU GRUB version 0.97 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory)
[ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB
lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists the possible
completions of a device/filename.]
grub> device (hd0) /dev/sdb
device (hd0) /dev/sdb
grub> root (hd0,0)
root (hd0,0)
Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd
grub> setup (hd0)
setup (hd0)
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... no
Checking if "/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
Running "embed /grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd1)"... 15 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
Running "install /grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+15 p (hd1,0)/grub/stage2 /grub/grub.conf"... succeeded
Done.
grub> quit
quit
==Fix Grub on a HP Proliant DL380 G2==
==Fix Grub on a HP Proliant DL380 G2==
Compaq Hot-swappable 36.4GB, 10k or 15k RPM (mixed set) (BF03664664)
Compaq Hot-swappable 36.4GB, 10k or 15k RPM (mixed set) (BF03664664)
To re-configure GRUB, I followed these steps
To re-configure GRUB, follow these steps
1. Rename /etc/grub.conf to /etc/grub.old
1. Rename /etc/grub.conf to /etc/grub.old
2. edit /etc/grub.conf
2. edit /etc/grub.conf
nano etc/grub.conf
nano etc/grub.conf
3. uncommented the line that starts with #boot=
3. uncomment the line that starts with #boot=
4. edited the boot= line to read
4. edit the boot= line to read
boot=/dev/cciss/c0d0
boot=/dev/cciss/c0d0
This line previously read (if i remember correctly) #boot=/dev/md0
This line previously read (if i remember correctly) #boot=/dev/md0
5. opened /boot/grub/device.map
5. open /boot/grub/device.map
nano /boot/grub/device.map
nano /boot/grub/device.map
5a. I don't remember if the (hd0) line was correctly set. It SHOULD read
5a. You SHOULD read
(hd0) /dev/cciss/c0d0
(hd0) /dev/cciss/c0d0